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15 8 8 8 6 5 4 4 4 3 A$="STUDIES": 3 A$="COMPUTER": 3 ;"LONGMAN SOFTWARE 3 ;" " 3 "DOUBLE WIDTH" 3 "DOUBLE HEIGHT" 3 Press 3 SEARCHING AND LOADING 3 PLEASE WAIT " 3 3 3 2 from the UK 2 BASIC AT WORK. 2 ;N;" ";F$(1 2 ;"1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 FIELD ";F$(1 2 Do you want to see this again? Press 2 1984 MERCURIAN PULP 2 2 2 2 1 w$=z$+w$+z$: 1 w$=z$+w$+" Watch the BITS being processed by this gate."+z$ 1 w$=z$+W$+z$ 1 w$=z$+" To calculate the total value of a BYTE, add together the decimal values of each BIT that is set to ""1""."+z$ 1 w$=z$+" In an 8 BIT computer like the Spectrum, every BYTE has 8 BITS - 8 Binary digiITS. " 1 w$=z$+" Every BIT set to ""1"" has a decimal value. This value is 2 to the power of the BIT number." 1 w$=w$+" This testing is done through LOGIC GATES."+z$ 1 w$=w$+" It is called a Truth Table because in computer logic a bit set to ""1"" is TRUE. A bit set to ""0"" is FALSE."+z$ 1 w$=w$+" Every BIT has a reference number. The BIT NUMBERS run from Right to Left and are numbered 0 to 7."+z$ 1 w$=w$+" BIT 1 is worth 2^1 = 2. BIT 4 is worth 2^4 = 16."+z$ 1 tape counter number 1 search routine 1 s*c*r>20000 1 print files where Field specifications match 1 logic >C 1 input G- 1 holds screen when full 1 find end of file 1 files 78 1 f$(t,q)=f$(t+1 1 f$(n,t(m)) 1 bubble sorting routine used on file 1 b$=f$(t,q) 1 a$="WORK AT BASIC!": 1 WRITE YOUR 1 WORDGAME.......7500 1 W$=Z$+" The results can be classified in a TRUTH TABLE. Different GATES give different values (0 or 1) in the C column." 1 W$=Z$+" Computers process numbers by testing the logical relations between the BITS ." 1 Try other curve 1 TZXed by Andrew Barker 1 TOTAL=TOTAL+D(I) 1 TO WATCH SORT 1 TEMPORARY STORES FOR SEARCH DATA 1 TAPE COUNTER 1 SORTING OUT 1 ROM Loader 1 RIGHT GUESSES 1 RE-ORDER A FILE 1 PUTIN 1 PTION ? PRESS 1 Original Release 1 NUMBERS INPUT 1 NUMBER ARRAY 1 NAME HERE. 1 N(J)=N(J+1 1 MEAN=TOTAL*10 1 MEAN...........7300 1 LOGICAL BITS 1 LOGIC 1 LIST the numbers 1 LINES 5050 & 5060 HAVE BEEN SWITCHED 1 INK COLOUR 1 IN RIGHT ORDER - JUMP 1 Have fun!! 1 GO COUNTER 1 FINDS THE MEAN OF 10 NUMBERS 1 FINAL FIGURES 1 FILLED CIRCLE 1 FILES 1 F$(NE,Q)=" ": 1 F$(NE,Q);: 1 Educational 1 ENOUGH!YOU'VE LOST 1 END OF PROGRAM 1 Decimal value 1 DRAWS A CIRCLE IN 1 DATE of 1972 1 DATA can be corrected by reference to the table LISTed after the routine. (4140 on) 1 Computer Studies - Side B 1 C;N(J);" "; 1 C$="A LITTLE MORE REVISION IS NEEDED" 1 C$=" EVERYONE RIGHT EXCEPT THE LAST " 1 C$=" MADE IT BUT WITH "+ 1 C$=" !! EXCELLENT LOGIC !! " 1 BYTE total 1 BINARY BITS 1 B$="00011011" 1 AND OR NANDNOR X-ORf 1 ADD GOSUB 1200 1 A$="PUTIN": 1 A$="PUNIT": 1 A$="OW BAA! TRICKS": 1 A$=" LOGIC ": 1 A$=" FILES ": 1 >>THAT'S ALL << 1 ;z$;z$;z$; 1 ;Z$;Z$;Z$;Z$;Z$; 1 ;R;"k";TAP 18;C$; 1 ;"sure you allow enough spaces." 1 ;"set to your requirements." 1 ;"or run demonstrations using"; 1 ;"must take the shape F$(R,C,S)." 1 ;"its own DATA." 1 ;"for better displays." 1 ;"^ ^ ^ ^"; 1 ;"This program has routines to"; 1 ;"PLEASE TELL ME WHAT TO LOOK FOR:"; 1 ;"Numbers can be handled but be"; 1 ;"It will manage your own files"; 1 ;"Files handled by this program"; 1 ;"A B C"; 1 ;"128 + 16+8 +2" 1 ;"1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 ;"1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0" 1 ;"1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0"; 1 5150...THEN 1 5110 LET W$ 1 5090 GOTO 51 1 5070....LEN 1 5040..FOR 1 5000 checks numbers 1 4050 PRINT 1 4040 READ M$,R,C 1 4030 FOR N=1 TO 1 3110 ...TOTAL 1 3050 PRINT D( 1 3010 DIM D(10) 1 2130 DRAW 1 2090 DRAW 1 2040 CIRCLE 127,87, 1 2010 PAPER 1 1;.. ... 1 1150 PRINT 1 1125 GOSUB 1200 1 1120 NEXT 1 1110 LET N(J 1 1080 IF N(J) 1 1040 READ 1 1010 RESTORE 1 00011011Wr 1 /(s*c*r)): 1 . 1 -s*r*c)*100 1 -n)="1");c$(8 1 -SC)+" MISTAKES. " 1 ,X);" ENTRY ";F$(NE,X); 1 ,"yes",776 1 ,"yes",2392 1 ,"yes",125 1 *Mercurian Pulp Products / Longman Software 1 )+MX,H(M,4 1 ''" This shows you the file as it"'" is stands at the moment." 1 ''" This routine lets you re-order your file in an alphabetical or numerical order based on any of the columns." 1 ''" There were 5 perfectly good"''" demonstration routines in this" 1 '" program. They all worked - "''" then the bugs got at them!!" 1 '" You will have to debug them"''" yourself - the bugs got the"''" programmer too...." 1 '" You start with 8 separate BITS"'" at 4 Logic gates. The outputs"'" from those gates are fed into"'" 2 more, and on to a final gate." 1 '" You cannot expand the file if"'" you discover it is too small!" 1 '" You can specify 2 or 3 FIELDS "'" at the same time." 1 '" Would you like me to correct"'" any mistakes as you make them,"'" or would you prefer to plough"'" on to the end before I tell you"'" how you have done?" 1 '" Work your way through the gates"'" giving the outputs as you go." 1 '" This section will test your"'" understanding of LOGIC GATES,"'" and your logical reasoning." 1 '" The program will search for any"'" stamps 1 '" The program will now search for"'" those stamps 1 '" The demonstration DATA is from"'" a stamp collection." 1 '" The bug-ridden routines start"''" at 1000,2000,3000,4000 & 5000." 1 '" The REMs will tell you what"''" they are supposed to do." 1 '" Only very small files will fit"'" on one screen. Others must be "'" displayed a little at a time." 1 '" Note the following:"''" 1 '" Make sure that a new file is"'" more than big enough to hold"'" all the entries you may want"'" to include in it later." 1 '" MACHINE RAM COLOUR? PRICE" 1 '" If you want to keep your file ordered in a particular way, then simply add new entries to the end of the file, and use this to sort them into order." 1 '" If you have trouble debugging"''" then LIST 6000." 1 '" If you are 1 '" For example,a stamp collection can be arranged alphabetically by PLACE,in DATE order,in order of FACE value,of COST price, or of re-sale VALUE." 1 '" Find and insert a tape on"'" which to save the file." 1 '" Field specifications must be spelt the same way,and in the same typeFACE as the entries you are searching for." 1 '" Are you specifying your fields properly? Return and select the Update option. This will allow you to look closely at the files." 1 "X-OR","0","1","1","0" 1 "X-OR is Exclusive OR . Either A or B but NOT both." 1 "USA","1920",".25","5.50","7.90" 1 "UK","1972","1.00",".10",".20" 1 "UK","1972",".01",".50","2.50" 1 "UK","1965",".10",".25","1.25" 1 "The BIT in C is ""1"" if EITHER A OR B ( OR BOTH ) are ""1"". " 1 "The BIT in C is ""1"" ONLY if both A and B are ""1"" (TRUE)." 1 "TOTAL..... 1 "TOTAL = ";TOTAL 1 "TAHITI","1966","1.05",".50","1.00" 1 "Spectrum",48 1 "SWITZ","1980",".30",".05",".05" 1 "RUN NUMBER ";I 1 "PLACE","DATE","FACE","COST","VALUE" 1 "Only BITS 0 and 4 are set to ""1"" by the NOR gate." 1 "Only BITS 0 & 4 satisfy NOT (A OR B) ." 1 "OR","0","1","1","1" 1 "NOR","1","0","0","0" 1 "NOR is ""NOT OR"" - the inverse of OR." 1 "NAND","1","1","1","0" 1 "MEAN = ";MEAN 1 "ITV ""B""",399 1 "IBM II",48 1 "GUESS A LETTER ";G$ 1 "GIVE ME... 1 "GIVE ME A WORD ";W$ 1 "GERMNY","1978","3.00","1.25","1.35" 1 "FRANCE","1965","10.00","2.00","1.95" 1 "FRANCE","1948","5.00","7.50","8.75" 1 "FRANCE","1920","5.00","1.25","3.00" 1 "ENTRY ";I;"= "; 1 "CBM 64",229 1 "BITS 2,3,5 & 6 satisfy (A OR B) but not (A AND B)." 1 "BITS 2,3,5 & 6 are set to ""1""." 1 "BITS 1,2,3,5,6 & 7 satisfy (A OR B) ." 1 "BITS 1 and 7 satisfy (A AND B)." 1 "BITS 0,2,3,4,5 & 6 satisfy NOT (A AND B) ." 1 "APPLE PI",48 1 "AND","OR","NAND","NOR","X-OR" 1 "AND","0","0","0","1" 1 "11101110" 1 "10000010" 1 "01111101" 1 "01101100" 1 "00010001" 1 ");F$(NE,X) 1 "''" To do this you have to specify"'" FIELDS (column headings)." 1 "''" Before 1 "'" tell me what size, and also,"'" the column headings." 1 "'" tell me the size of the file"'" so that I can DIM an array"'" to handle it." 1 "'" and connect the MIC. lead." 1 "" and specify "" 1 " You can..."'" 1 " You can use it to remind "'" yourself what is in the file." 1 " There's nothing matches." 1 " The big rotten writings stop"," at 007, `5.95, 6.30 and No.10" 1 " The RAMs won't tell you what"," your supper is today." 1 " Select the FIELD "" 1 " Select the 1 " Note the 1 " NAND means NOT AND . It gives the inverse of an AND operation. The BIT in C is set to ""1"" unless both A and B are ""1"". " 1 " It's main use is for keeping"'" your files up to date." 1 " In this example, the AND gate has set BITS 1 and 7 to ""1""." 1 " If you have double pea-pudding"," then LIST to starboard." 1 " I can start the display at any"'" row you choose." 1 " Here BITS 1,2,3,5,6 & 7 have all been set to ""1"". " 1 " BITS 0,2,3,4,5 & 6 are set to ""1""." 1 " In order of which COLUMN ?" 1 you will have to tell me next time you use this file." 1 with"'" a 1 when ready for more 1 when ready 1 under 30"; 1 typing errors. 1 to start 1 to select 1 to search 1 to hold display 1 to go on. 1 to go on ": 1 to go on 1 to go on 1 to Wait till the end 1 then LIST to starboard. G 1 the right key 1 the keyword 1 the INPUT quotes and ENTER 1 that won't work well? 1 start of each turn. 1 scroll to see how 1 scroll for notes 1 routine before looping to 1 on a single screen. 1 numbers on the 1 number to start from - 1 to go from beginning 1 not in the right places! 1 more likely to give 1 making a new file 1 it should appear. 1 is in the DATA lines - just 1 for next 1 for new Option 1 for instant feedback or 1 end of field routine 1 during a BEEP, or EDIT out 1 could be written in as DATA 1 column number: "; 1 but I wanted to keep it all 1 are"'" for your reference." 1 are easy to read,but 1 another option 1 and READ at random at the 1 and PAPER colours. 1 an old entry"'" 1 an entry." 1 a number 1 a new entry"'" 1 a new Option 1 ZX81 1k no `40 1 Worried about a word game 1 WHAT NOW? ANOTHER 1 USING YOUR OWN DATA 1 Try different INK 1 To end the game, BREAK in 1 This is rather a crude game 1 The words to be guessed 1 TRUTH TABLE 1 TOO BIG!! REDUCE BY "; 1 TO START 1 TO SELECT 1 TO SEARCH 1 TO HOLD DISPLAY 1 TO CHANGE 1 THIS MAY TAKE A MOMENT 1 THE DRAWING 1 THE BUBBLE SORT 1 THE ";T$;" GATE 1 TABULAR DISPLAY - DATA 1 Spectrum 48k yes `125 1 STOP THE TAPE - PRESS ANY KEY 1 SEARCHING FOR... 1 SEARCH A FILE 1 SAVING A FILE 1 Rewind to start of file, check EAR lead and press 1 ROW NUMBER TO DELETE ? 1 ROW NUMBER TO CHANGE ? 1 ROW NUMBER OF NEW ENTRY ? 1 ROW 1 CARRIES COLUMN HEADINGS. START FROM 2.[ANY KEY] TO GO ON 1 RE-ARRANGE 1 PROGRAM READY - PRESS ANY KEY ": 1 PROGRAM READY - PRESS ANY KEY 1 PROGRAM OPTIONS 1 PRODUCTS/CONTRACT BOOKS 1 PRODUCTS/CONTRACT BOOKS 1 PLOT & DRAW....7200 1 OVAL routine. 1 ONE MOMENT WHILE I READ ! 1 ON VARIOUS COMPUTERS. 1 Number of ROWS in file? 1 Number of COLUMNS ? (MAX.6) 1 NUmber of SPACES per item - set possible maximum 1 NEW ENTRY FOR ";F$(1 1 MERCURIAN PULP PRODUCTS 1 MEAN SOMETING. 1 MAKING THE MEAN 1 MACHINE RAM COLOUR? PRICE 1 Long variable names 1 LOADing from tape 1 LIST 1000 for your first chore 1 Include an "Another go ?" 1 If VERIFY fails,you can restartthe SAVE routine by 1 INPUT W$,to allow ending. 1 IN AN SQUARE. 1 IBM PC 64k yes `2392 1 Heading for column ";n;" 1 HOW'S YOUR LOGIC ? 1 HARDWARE DATA..7400 1 GOTO 4000 1 Find DATA tape, rewind to start of file and press 1 Filename for this DATA ? 1 FOLLOWS. IT'S O.K.! 1 FILENAME 1 FILE OPTIONS 1 FIELDS SET - 1 FIELD SPECIFICATION 1 FIELD NUMBER: "; 1 ENTRY FOR ";F$(1 1 END UPDATE 1 END OF PROGRAM 1 Do you want to VERIFY that it has been saved? Press 1 DISPLAY SUBROUTINE 1 DIFFERENT (T/F) 1 DIFFERENT (F/T) 1 DIAMOND,IN AN OVAL 1 DEBUGGING 1 DEBUGGED BY 1 Create your file using Update routine. Press 1 CREATE/UPDATE A FILE 1 COPYRIGHT 1984 1 CONTRACT BOOKS 1 CONFUSED COMPUTERS 1 CBM 64 64k yes `229 1 BUBBLE-SORT ROUTINE. 1 BUBBLE SORT....7100 1 BOTH 1 (TRUE) 1 BOTH 0 (FALSE) 1 BIT NUMBERS 1 BBC "B" 32k yes `399 1 Are you LOADing DATA from tape? Press 1 Another go 1 All the necessary information 1 APPLE II 48k yes `776 1 AND TOTALLED 1 18;C$.... 1 - don't worry you have a 50% chance of error 1 ******************** * 1 ""PLACE"" and"'" specify "" 1 UPDATE A FILE 1 The BYTE 1 Simple Word Game 1 SEARCH A FILE 1 SAVE DATA ON TAPE 1 RE-ORDER A FILE 1 PRESS A 1 Own files or Computer's ? 1 HOW'S YOUR LOGIC? 1 FOLLOW THESE 1 END OF PROGRAM 1 END OF PROGRAM 1 DISPLAY MORE 1 ARE YOU STUCK?! 1 YOU MADE SOME MISTAKES. I WILL SHOW YOU WHERE. 1 LOGICAL GATES 1 LOGICAL BITS 1 BINARY BITS 1 ANOTHER FIELD ? 1 Column Spacing for display 1 ARROWS. 1 * ******************** 1 * * 1 number of lines displayed 1 !! EXCELLENT LOGIC !! 1 INDEX 1 have been switched 1 AND 1 how many fields set 1 TO USE THIS. 1 ************ 1 G 1 BITS 2,3,5 & 6 satisfy (A OR B) but not (A AND B). 1 ************* 1 ********** 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1